姜凯华,李特,王振国,刘泽,康丽莉,叶昊亮,王博闻
JIANG Kaihua,LI Te,WANG Zhenguo,LIU Ze,KANG Lili,YE Haoliang,WANG Bowen

• 1:国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院
• 2:国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司
• 3:电网雷击风险预防湖北省重点实验室
• 4:浙江省气象科学研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

受季风气候和复杂地形的影响，浙江省雷电活动频繁且具有独特的时空分布特征。为支撑浙江省雷电监测、预警与防护能力的提升，选取浙江省2010—2024年的雷电监测数据，首先分别从年和季节两个时间尺度对平均地闪密度的时空分布进行统计分析。结果表明，浙江近15年雷电活动在空间上呈现由西南向东北逐渐递增的分布特征，且随季节变化明显，夏季最为集中，平均雷电密度日变化呈单峰分布，雷电密度大值区对应15:00—17:00。其次，从雷电极性角度对雷电频数和强度进行分类统计，发现整体负闪占比高于正闪，占比57%以上，月平均雷电强度主要分布在28.0～37.7 kA。最后，结合耐雷水平对雷电风险区域进行划分，除沿海岛屿外，其他地区均达C1及以上等级。同时，500 kV线路的防雷治理应以绕击为主，220 kV线路则需兼顾绕击和反击；浙江220 kV及以上线路绕击和反击风险主要为Ⅲ级，Ⅳ级风险区域较少，主要集中在温州、台州、宁波及丽水局部。分析结果可为浙江各区域雷电灾害风险防范提供技术支撑。
Influenced by the monsoon climate and complex terrain, Zhejiang Province experiences frequent lightning activity with distinct spatiotemporal characteristics. To support the enhancement of lightning monitoring, early warning, and protection capabilities in Zhejiang, lightning detection data from 2010 to 2024 were selected for analysis. First, the annual and seasonal spatiotemporal distributions of mean ground flash density(GFD) were statistically examined. The results show that over the past 15 years, lightning activity in Zhejiang increased from southwest to northeast, with pronounced seasonal variability. Lightning was most concentrated in summer, and the diurnal variation of average lightning density showed a single-peaked distribution, with peak lightning occurrence concentrated between 15:00 and 17:00. Second, a polarity-based statistical analysis of lightning frequency and intensity revealed that negative flashes accounted for more than 57% of all events, and the monthly mean lightning peak current primarily ranged from 28.0 to 37.7 kA. Finally, lightning risk zoning was conducted based on regional lightning withstand levels. Except for coastal islands, most areas reached grade C1 or above. For lightning protection of transmission lines, shielding failure is the main concern for 500 kV lines, whereas both shielding failure and backflashover must be considered for 220 kV lines. For 220 kV and above lines across Zhejiang, the risks of shielding failure and back-flashover are predominantly at grade III, with grade IV risk areas being relatively limited and mainly located in Wenzhou, Taizhou, Ningbo, and parts of Lishui. The results provide technical support for regional lightning hazard prevention in Zhejiang Province.

关键词(KeyWords)： 雷电活动;时空分布;季节变化;灾害风险;区域划分
lightning activity;spatiotemporal distribution;seasonal variation;lightning hazards;hazard zoning

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国网浙江省电力有限公司科技项目（B311DS24001A）

作者(Author): 姜凯华,李特,王振国,刘泽,康丽莉,叶昊亮,王博闻
JIANG Kaihua,LI Te,WANG Zhenguo,LIU Ze,KANG Lili,YE Haoliang,WANG Bowen

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202604005

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