赵婷,孙欣,谢敬东
ZHAO Ting,SUN Xin,XIE Jingdong

• 1:上海电力大学电气工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

在能源转型背景下，广义储能通过聚合多类型资源展现出显著优势。针对其调度效能受制于多维度特性表征不足和调度协同机制不完善的问题，提出了基于广义储能封装特性的综合能源系统优化调度策略。首先，构建基于充放电功率、荷电状态、可用容量、响应时间及响应置信度的多维特性指标体系，建立具有普适性的广义储能标准化封装模型；然后，设计多主体双层优化架构，通过日前-实时两阶段协同决策机制实现时空资源动态匹配；最后，以某区域综合能源系统进行算例分析，结果表明，该策略可显著提升调度指令与资源实际响应的吻合度，有效改善负荷峰谷特性并提高市场主体的经济收益，为综合能源系统的灵活调控提供了可行的技术路径。
Generalized energy storage(GES) systems demonstrate significant advantages through multi-resource aggregation amid energy transition. To overcome limitations in multi-dimensional characterization and inadequate coordination mechanisms, this paper proposes an optimal dispatch strategy for integrated energy systems(IES) based on GES aggregation characteristics. First, a multi-dimensional index system incorporating charging/discharging power, state of charge(SOC), available capacity, response time, and response confidence level is established to develop a standardized GES aggregation model with universal applicability. Second, a bi-level optimization framework for multi-agent systems is designed, achieving spatiotemporal resource matching through a two-stage day-ahead and real-time coordinated decision-making. Finally, case studies on a regional integrated IES demonstrate that the strategy significantly improves alignment between dispatch commands and actual resource responses, reduces peakvalley load differences, increases participant revenues, and provides a technical pathway for flexible IES regulation.

关键词(KeyWords)： 广义储能;封装方法;调度策略;综合能源系统
GES;aggregation method;dispatch strategy;IES

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（U2066214）

作者(Author): 赵婷,孙欣,谢敬东
ZHAO Ting,SUN Xin,XIE Jingdong

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202512007

参考文献(References)：

• [1]鲁宗相，李海波，乔颖.含高比例可再生能源电力系统灵活性规划及挑战[J].电力系统自动化，2016,40(13):147-158.LU Zongxiang,LI Haibo,QIAO Ying.Power system flexibility planning and challenges considering high proportion of renewable energy[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(13):147-158
• [2]董军，方琳怡，姚文璐，等.基于主从博弈的综合能源系统多能定价及调度优化[J].浙江电力，2024,43(9):19-28.DONG Jun,FANG Linyi,YAO Wenlu,et al.Stackelberg game-based multi-energy pricing and dispatch optimization for integrated energy systems[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2024,43(9):19-28.
• [3]翁格平，任娇蓉，李琪，等.基于改进连续牛顿法的电-气综合能源系统潮流计算[J].浙江电力，2024,43(11):116-122.WENG Geping,REN Jiaorong,LI Qi,et al. Power flow calculation of electricity-gas integrated energy systems using an improved Newton-Raphson method[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power,2024,43(11):116-122.
• [4]李宏仲，房宇娇，肖宝辉.考虑广义储能的区域综合能源系统优化运行研究[J].电网技术，2019,43(9):3130-3138.LI Hongzhong,FANG Yujiao,XIAO Baohui.Research on optimized operation of regional integrated energy system considering generalized energy storage[J].Power System Technology,2019,43(9):3130-3138.
• [5]靳小龙，穆云飞，贾宏杰，等.融合需求侧虚拟储能系统的冷热电联供楼宇微网优化调度方法[J].中国电机工程学报，2017,37(2):581-591.JIN Xiaolong,MU Yunfei,JIA Hongjie,et al. Optimal scheduling method for a combined cooling, heating and power building microgrid considering virtual storage system at demand side[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):581-591.
• [6]张祥宇，舒一楠，付媛.基于虚拟储能的直流微电网源荷储多时间尺度能量优化与分区协调控制[J].电工技术学报，2022,37(23):6011-6024.ZHANG Xiangyu,SHU Yinan,FU Yuan. Multi-timescale energy optimization and zone coordinated control of DC microgrid source-load-storage based on virtual energy storage[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2022,37(23):6011-6024.
• [7]李东东，陈天旭，沈运帷，等.基于联合虚拟储能系统的海岛微电网协同优化策略[J].中国电机工程学报，2023,43(20):7842-7856.LI Dongdong,CHEN Tianxu,SHEN Yunwei,et al.Collaborative optimization of island microgrid based on joint virtual energy storage system strategy[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2023,43(20):7842-7856.
• [8]朱旭，孙元章，杨博闻，等.考虑不确定性与非完全理性用能行为的电动汽车集群可调度潜力计算方法[J].电力自动化设备，2022,42(10):245-254.ZHU Xu,SUN Yuanzhang,YANG Bowen,et al.Calculation method of EV cluster’s schedulable potential capacity considering uncertainties and bounded rational energy consumption behaviors[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2022,42(10):245-254.
• [9]武媚.电热水器参与电力需求响应的调度控制策略研究[D].南京：南京师范大学，2020.WU Mei. Research on dispatching control strategy of power demand response[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Normal University,2020.
• [10]XIANG S,CHANG L C,CAO B,et al.A novel domestic electric water heater control method[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2020,11(4):3246-3256.
• [11]潘建辉，张宁，雍培，等.面向海量灵活性资源的两阶段分布式协同调度方法[J].电力系统自动化，2023,47(15):67-79.PAN Jianhui,ZHANG Ning,YONG Pei,et al.Two-stage distributed collaborative dispatching method for massive flexible resources[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2023,47(15):67-79.
• [12]陈雨鸽.支撑高弹性电网的高比例新能源虚拟电厂运行优化调度研究[D].杭州：浙江大学，2023.CHEN Yuge. Research on optimal dispatching of virtual power plant operation with high-proportion renewable energy supporting highly resilient power gird[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2023.
• [13]王悦祺，林顺富，周波，等.高载能工业园区灵活性资源优化调度策略[J].上海电力大学学报，2024,40(5):439-448.WANG Yueqi,LIN Shunfu,ZHOU Bo,et al.Optimized scheduling strategy for flexibility resources in high energycarrying industrial parks[J]. Journal of Shanghai University of Electric Power,2024,40(5):439-448.
• [14]钟雅珊，付聪，钱峰，等.考虑广义储能和条件风险价值的综合能源系统经济调度[J].电力系统保护与控制，2022,50(9):54-63.ZHONG Yashan,FU Cong,QIAN Feng,et al.Economic dispatch model of an integrated energy system considering generalized energy storage and conditional value at risk[J].Power System Protection and Control,2022,50(9):54-63.
• [15]王瑞东，吴杰康，蔡志宏，等.含广义储能虚拟电厂电-气-热三阶段协同优化调度[J].电网技术，2022,46(5):1857-1868.WANG Ruidong,WU Jiekang,CAI Zhihong,et al.Threestage collaborative optimal scheduling of electricity-gasheat in virtual power plant with generalized energy storage[J].Power System Technology,2022,46(5):1857-1868.
• [16]高锋阳，袁成，李昭君，等.考虑风-光-荷时空相关性的分布式电源和广义储能联合规划[J].电力自动化设备，2021,41(6):133-144.GAO Fengyang,YUAN Cheng,LI Zhaojun,et al. Joint planning of distributed generation and generalized energy storage considering spatial-temporal correlation of windphotovoltaic-load[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2021,41(6):133-144.
• [17]刘洋，李立生，刘志伟，等.考虑广义储能集群参与的配电网协同控制策略[J].电力建设，2021,42(8):89-98.LIU Yang,LI Lisheng,LIU Zhiwei,et al.Cooperative control strategy of distribution network considering generalized energy storage cluster participation[J].Electric Power Construction,2021,42(8):89-98.
• [18]SUN W Q,LIU W,XIANG W,et al.Generalized energy storage allocation strategies for load aggregator in hierarchical electricity markets[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy,2022,10(4):1021-1031.
• [19]崔杨，周慧娟，仲悟之，等.考虑广义储能与火电联合调峰的日前-日内两阶段滚动优化调度[J].电网技术，2021,45(1):10-20.CUI Yang,ZHOU Huijuan,ZHONG Wuzhi,et al.Twostage day-ahead and intra-day rolling optimization scheduling considering joint peak regulation of generalized energy storage and thermal power[J]. Power System Technology,2021,45(1):10-20.
• [20]张大海，贠韫韵，王小君，等.考虑广义储能及光热电站的电热气互联综合能源系统经济调度[J].电力系统自动化，2021,45(19):33-42.ZHANG Dahai,YUN Yunyun,WANG Xiaojun,et al.Economic dispatch of integrated electricity-heat-gas energy system considering generalized energy storage and concentrating solar power plant[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2021,45(19):33-42.
• [21]王鑫.用户侧广义储能参与的多微电网系统协调调度研究[D].重庆：重庆大学，2021.WANG Xin. Research on collaborative dispatching of multi-microgrid considering energy storage on user-side[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2021.
• [22]穆云飞，唐志鹏，吴志军，等.计及虚拟储能的电-水-热综合能源系统日前优化调度方法[J].电力系统自动化，2023,47(24):11-21.MU Yunfei,TANG Zhipeng,WU Zhijun,et al. Optimal day-ahead scheduling method for electricity-water-heat integrated energy system considering virtual energy storage[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2023,47(24):11-21.
• [23]齐宁，程林，刘锋.计及决策依赖不确定性的广义储能可信容量评估[J].电网技术，2023,47(12):4916-4930.QI Ning,CHENG Lin,LIU Feng.Capacity credit evaluation of generic energy storage under decision-dependent uncertainty[J].Power System Technology,2023,47(12):4916-4930.
• [24]董萌苇，朱勐婷，徐成司，等.多主体参与的区域综合能源系统集中-分布式需求响应机制[J].电网技术，2024,48(6):2336-2345.DONG Mengwei,ZHU Mengting,XU Chengsi,et al.Centralized-distributed integrated demand response mechanism for regional integrated energy system considering multiple agents[J]. Power System Technology,2024,48(6):2336-2345.
• [25]李强，王璇，琚诚，等.基于广义储能的多时间尺度综合能源系统优化调度模型[J].南方电网技术，2024,18(9):117-125.LI Qiang,WANG Xuan,JU Cheng,et al.Optimal scheduling model of multi-time scale integrated energy system based on generalized energy storage[J]. Southern Power System Technology,2024,18(9):117-125.
• [26]FAN H,LIU L L,MA Y L,et al.Collaborative optimal dispatch of multi-agent distributed integrated energy system based on game theory[C]//2023 IEEE 7th Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration(EI2). December 15-18,2023,Hangzhou,China. IEEE,2023:888-894.
• [27]FAN W,TAN Z F,LI F Q,et al. A two-stage optimal scheduling model of integrated energy system based on CVaR theory implementing integrated demand response[J].Energy,2023,263:125783.