马骏超,陆承宇,王晨旭,冯启帆,夏杨红,彭琰
MA Junchao,LU Chengyu,WANG Chenxu,FENG Qifan,XIA Yanghong,PENG Yan

• 1:国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院
• 2:浙江大学电气工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

新能源并网将不断挤占常规机组开机容量，降低系统转动惯量和调频能力，导致频率变化加快、波动幅度增大，因此需要新能源机组提供主动惯性支撑。但是新能源机组动态特性完全不同于同步发电机，传统摇摆方程已难以全面刻画新型电力系统频率受扰后的动态过程。为此，建立新型电力系统的惯量模型，可以准确刻画同步发电机、跟网型和构网型逆变器的惯量响应过程。提出惯量的实时测量方法，采用改进多项式曲线拟合法和系统辨识法，实现了对系统转动惯量和区域内惯量的准确感知。最后通过仿真，对新型电力系统等效惯量进行了量化评估，验证了所提的测量方法和数学模型的有效性。
Integration of new energy sources will continuously encroach upon the startup capacity of conventional units, reducing system's rotational inertia and frequency regulation capabilities. This leads to accelerated frequency changes and increased fluctuation amplitudes. Therefore, it is imperative for new energy units to provide active inertia support. However, the dynamic characteristics of new energy units differ significantly from synchronous generators, making traditional swing equations inadequate to fully reflect the dynamic process of frequency response in new-type power systems after disturbances. Therefore, an inertia model for new-type power systems is established to accurately characterize the inertia response process of synchronous generators, grid-following inverters, and gridforming inverters. A real-time inertia measurement method is proposed, which employs an improved polynomial curve fitting method(PCFM) and system identification method to accurately identify the system's rotational inertia and regional inertia. Finally, through simulation, a quantitative assessment of the equivalent inertia of new-type power systems is conducted, and the effectiveness of the proposed measurement method and mathematical model is validated.

关键词(KeyWords)： 电力系统惯量;频率响应;虚拟惯量;惯量估计;阶跃响应
inertia of power system;frequency response;virtual inertia;inertia estimation;step response

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目（52007162）;; 国网浙江省电力有限公司科技项目（5211DS220008）

作者(Author): 马骏超,陆承宇,王晨旭,冯启帆,夏杨红,彭琰
MA Junchao,LU Chengyu,WANG Chenxu,FENG Qifan,XIA Yanghong,PENG Yan

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202402001

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