赵威,彭巍屹,周非凡,周正威,杨涛,王媛媛
ZHAO Wei,PENG WeiYi,ZHOU FeiFan,ZHOU Zhengwei,YANG Tao,WANG Yuanyuan

• 1:国网湖南省电力有限公司株洲供电分公司
• 2:长沙理工大学电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

随着极端天气频发，输电线路覆冰灾害对电网安全运行的威胁日益加剧，输电线路融冰技术已成为当前的研究热点。在此背景下，系统综述了输电线路覆冰机理、预测及融冰技术的研究现状。首先，介绍了输电线路的覆冰机理，揭示了过冷却水滴碰撞冻结、积冰形态变化及微地形-微气象动态作用对覆冰形态演化的影响规律；其次，为提早预知覆冰程度并给融冰预留充足时间，对覆冰预测方法进行了深入分析，对现有方法的原理及差异进行了针对性评述；然后，对三种热力融冰方法的能效特性及其优缺点进行了分析；最后，指出未来研究可聚焦于预测模型与融冰算法的组合以及输电线路不停电融冰，以构建适应新型电力系统的融冰减灾体系。
With the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, transmission line icing disasters pose a growing threat to the safe operation of power grids, making de-icing technology a current research focus. In this context, this paper systematically reviews the state of research on transmission line icing mechanisms, prediction, and de-icing technology. Firstly, the icing mechanisms are introduced, revealing the influence of supercooled water droplet collision and freezing, ice accretion morphology changes, and micro-terrain/micro-meteorological dynamic effects on the evolution of ice shapes. Secondly, to enable early prediction of icing severity and allow sufficient time for de-icing operations, icing prediction methods are analyzed in depth, with targeted commentary on the principles and differences of existing methods. Thirdly, the energy efficiency characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of three thermal de-icing methods are analyzed. Finally, it is suggested that future research should focus on the integration of prediction models and de-icing algorithms, as well as live-line de-icing techniques for transmission lines, to build a de-icing and disaster mitigation framework adapted to modern power systems.

关键词(KeyWords)： 输电线路;覆冰机理;覆冰预测;热力融冰
transmission line;icing mechanism;icing prediction;thermal de-icing

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（52177069）;; 株洲电力勘测设计科研有限责任公司创新项目（2024ZKHX614）

作者(Author): 赵威,彭巍屹,周非凡,周正威,杨涛,王媛媛
ZHAO Wei,PENG WeiYi,ZHOU FeiFan,ZHOU Zhengwei,YANG Tao,WANG Yuanyuan

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202602012

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