李晨,卢国荣,王怀远
LI Chen,LU Guorong,WANG Huaiyuan

• 1:福州大学电气工程与自动化学院
• 2:国网青海省电力公司海北供电公司

摘要(Abstract)：

针对现有风电机组频率支撑控制策略存在的响应滞后、易引发频率二次跌落及能量管理粗放等问题，提出一种将最优频率轨迹引入MPC（模型预测控制）的改进型风电机组频率支撑策略。首先，基于系统频率响应模型构建以频率偏差为状态变量的预测方程，并引入扩张状态观测器实时估计电网有功功率扰动作为前馈补偿；其次，以预设的最优频率轨迹为跟踪目标，设计MPC滚动优化器，在满足风机转速与功率安全约束的条件下求解最优附加功率指令，并制定包含模式切换与平滑退出的完整控制逻辑；最后，通过含双馈风电机组的3机9节点和10机39节点系统的仿真算例表明，在一定扰动范围内，该策略可有效提升系统频率最低点，降低转子动能损耗，且能够减少传统机组调频压力，为高新能源渗透率电网的频率稳定提供了新的解决方案。
Existing frequency support control strategies for wind turbines suffer from response delays, may trigger secondary frequency dips, and often involve coarse energy management. To address these issues, an improved frequency support strategy is proposed that incorporates an optimal frequency trajectory into model predictive control(MPC). First, a prediction equation is established based on the system frequency response model, in which the frequency deviation is used as the state variable. An extended state observer is introduced to estimate grid active-power disturbances in real time and provide feedforward compensation. Second, using a predefined optimal frequency trajectory as the tracking target, an MPC rolling optimizer is designed to compute the optimal supplementary power command while satisfying safety constraints on turbine rotor speed and output power. A complete control logic incorporating mode switching and smooth exit is also developed. Finally, simulation studies on the 3-machine 9-bus and 10-machine 39-bus systems with doubly fed induction generator(DFIG) wind turbines demonstrate that, within a certain disturbance range, the proposed strategy can effectively raise the system frequency nadir, reduce rotor kinetic energy depletion, and alleviate the frequency regulation burden on conventional generators. The method provides a new solution for maintaining frequency stability in power systems with high penetration of renewable energy.

关键词(KeyWords)： 风电机组;频率支撑;模型预测控制;转子动能;频率轨迹
wind turbine;frequency support;MPC;rotor kinetic energy;frequency trajectory

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 福建省自然科学基金（2022J01113）

作者(Author): 李晨,卢国荣,王怀远
LI Chen,LU Guorong,WANG Huaiyuan

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202607005

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