王少华,荣卫涛,姜文东,王振国,徐枫,段忠东
WANG Shaohua,RONG Weitao,JIANG Wendong,WANG Zhenguo,XU Feng,DUAN Zhongdong

• 1:国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院
• 2:哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)土木与环境工程学院
• 3:国网浙江省电力有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

为了进行下击暴流风雨共同作用下输电塔的响应特征和失效模式分析，采用CFD（计算流体动力学）数值模拟方法研究了下击暴流风电场中输电塔的风雨荷载分布特性。基于SST（剪切应力输运）k-ω湍流模型模拟下击暴流三维风电场特性，通过与现有数值模拟和实测结果进行对比，验证了下击暴流风电场模拟结果的合理性。以某钢管输电塔为例，在下击暴流风电场中建立输电塔精细化数值模型，选择合适的风驱雨参数，模拟获得输电塔风雨荷载分布特性。研究结果表明：下击暴流风电场中，水平风速随高度增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势，于10～30 m高度处达到最大，而后逐渐减小。输电塔体型系数随来流风向变化，雨荷载在高度较低的近地面处达到最大。
To analyze the response characteristics and failure modes of transmission towers subjected to the combined effects of downbursts and rainstorms, a numerical simulation based on CFD(computational fluid dynamics) is used to investigate the distribution characteristics of rainstorm loads on transmission towers within a wind farm when experiencing downburst conditions. Using the SST(shear stress transport) k-ω turbulence model, a threedimensional simulation of wind farm characteristics during downburst scenarios is conducted. When compared to the existing numerical simulations and measurements, the simulation results for the wind farm during downbursts are proved to be reasonable. A steel pipe transmission tower is taken as an example: a refined numerical model of the tower in a wind farm under downburst conditions is developed, and appropriate wind-driven rain parameters are selected to simulate and derive the rainstorm load distribution characteristics on the tower. The research findings disclose that within the wind farm under downburst conditions, horizontal wind speeds exhibit a pattern of increase, peaking at heights ranging from 10 to 30 meters and decreasing thereafter. Furthermore, the shape coefficient varies in response to inflow wind directions, with rain loads reaching their maximum at lower heights near the ground.

关键词(KeyWords)： 输电塔;下击暴流;风雨荷载;数值模拟
transmission tower;downburst;wind and rain load;numerical simulation

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国网浙江省电力有限公司科技项目（5211DS220006）

作者(Author): 王少华,荣卫涛,姜文东,王振国,徐枫,段忠东
WANG Shaohua,RONG Weitao,JIANG Wendong,WANG Zhenguo,XU Feng,DUAN Zhongdong

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202312007

参考文献(References)：

• [1] DEMPSEY D. WHITE H. Winds wreak havoc on lines[J]. Transmission and Distribution World,1996,48(6):32-37.
• [2] FUJITA T T. The downburst:microburst and macroburst:report of projects NIMROD and JAWS[R]. Chicago:University of Chicago,1985.
• [3] HJELMFELT M R.Structure and life cycle of microburst outflows observed in Colorado[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,1988,27(8):900-927.
• [4] GAST K D,SCHROEDER J L. Supercell rear-flank downdraft as sampled in the 2002 thunderstorm outflow experiment[C]//Proceeding of the 11th International Conference on Wind Engineering,2003,Lubbock,Texas:2233-2240.
• [5] OSEGUERA R M,BOWLES R L.A simple,analytical 3-dimentional downburst model based on boundary layer stagnation flow[R].USA:NASA,1988.
• [6] VICROY D. A simple,analytical,axisymmetric microburst model for downdraft estimation[J].NASA Technical Memorandum,1991,5:1-11.
• [7] HANGAN H,ROBERTS D,XU Z,et al. Downburst simulations:experimental and numerical challenges[C]//Proceedings of the 2004 Structures Congress-Building on the Past:Securing the Future,2004:1657-1664.
• [8] CHAY M T,ALBERMANI F,WILSON R. Numerical and analytical simulation of downburst wind loads[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28(2):240-254.
• [9] ABOSHOSHA H,ELAWADY A,EL ANSARY A,et al. Review on dynamic and quasi-static buffeting response of transmission lines under synoptic and non-synoptic winds[J].Engineering Structures,2016,112:23-46.
• [10]汪之松，左其刚，唐伟峰，等.稳态冲击射流作用下平地及坡地高层建筑的风荷载特性[J].建筑结构学报，2017,38(3):103-110.WANG Zhisong,ZUO Qigang,TANG Weifeng,et al.Wind load characteristics for high-rise building on flat terrain and slope under steady-state impinging jet[J].Journal of Building Structures,2017,38(3):103-110.
• [11]杨风利，张宏杰，杨靖波，等.下击暴流作用下输电铁塔荷载取值及承载性能分析[J].中国电机工程学报，2014,34(24):4179-4186.YANG Fengli,ZHANG Hongjie,YANG Jingbo,et al.Bearing capacity analysis and load values of transmission towers under thunderstorm downburst[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(24):4179-4186.
• [12]李宏海.下击暴流时空分布统计与风场特性和结构风荷载实验研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2015.LI Honghai.Statistical analysis of time and space distribution of downburst and experimental study on wind field characteristics and structural wind load[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.
• [13] ABOSHOSHA H,EL DAMATTY A. Engineering method for estimating the reactions of transmission line conductors under downburst winds[J].Engineering Structures,2015,99:272-284.
• [14]吴小平.低层房屋风雨作用效应的数值研究[D].杭州：浙江大学，2008.WU Xiaoping.Numerical study on wind-rain effect of lowrise buildings[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2008.
• [15]李宏男，任月明，白海峰.输电塔体系风雨激励的动力分析模型[J].中国电机工程学报，2007,27(30):43-48.LI Hongnan,REN Yueming,BAI Haifeng. Rain-windinduced dynamic model for transmission tower system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(30):43-48.
• [16]杨俊涛.大跨越输电塔线体系环境荷载与极限承载力分析[D].杭州：浙江大学，2011.YANG Juntao. Analysis of environmental load and ultimate bearing capacity of long-span transmission tower-line system[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2011.
• [17]朱云祥，张若愚，曹枚根，等.海岛大跨越输电塔线体系风振响应及风振系数[J].高压电器，2022,58(1):111-121.ZHU Yunxiang,ZHANG Ruoyu,CAO Meigen,et al.Wind induced vibration response and coefficient of large crossing transmission tower line system between islands[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2022,58(1):111-121.
• [18]徐文宝，周建华.基于改进模糊层次综合评判法的输电线路舞动预警[J].电力工程技术，2021,40(5):107-113.XU Wenbao,ZHOU Jianhua. Early warning model of transmission line galloping based on improved fuzzy hierarchical comprehensive evaluation[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2021,40(5):107-113.
• [19] HAO J M,WU T.Downburst-induced transient response of a long-span bridge:a CFD-CSD-based hybrid approach[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2018,179:273-286.
• [20]钟永力，晏致涛，王灵芝，等.基于壁面射流的下击暴流非稳态风场大涡模拟[J].西南交通大学学报，2018,53(6):1179-1186.ZHONG Yongli,YAN Zhitao,WANG Lingzhi,et al.Large eddy simulation of unsteady downburst outflow based on wall jet model[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2018,53(6):1179-1186.
• [21] LAWS J O,PARSONS D A.The relation of raindrop-size to intensity[J]. Transactions,American Geophysical Union,1943,24(2):452.
• [22] DE WOLF D A.On the Laws-Parsons distribution of raindrop sizes[J].Radio Science,2001,36(4):639-642.
• [23] M?TZLER C. Drop-size distributions and Mie computations for rain[R].IAP,2002.
• [24]谢华平，何敏娟，马人乐.基于CFD模拟的格构塔平均风荷载分析[J].中南大学学报（自然科学版），2010,41(5):1980-1986.XIE Huaping,HE Minjuan,MA Renle.Analyse of mean wind load of lattice tower based on CFD simulation[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(5):1980-1986.
• [25]国家能源局.架空输电线路荷载规范：DL/T 5551—2018[S].北京：中国计划出版社，2018.
• [26] ASCE.Guidelines for electrical transmission line structural loading(third edition):ASCE 74—2009[S].New York,USA:ASCE,2009.
• [27] JEC. Design standards on structures for transmissions:JEC-TR-00007—2015[S].Tokyo,Japan:JEC,2015.
• [28] AS/NZS.Overhead line design:AS/NZS 7000—2016[S].Sydney,Australia:Technical Committee EL-052,2016.
• [29] IEC. Design criteria of overhead transmission lines:IEC60826—2016[S].South Africa:IEC,2016.