肖诗意,杨凡凡
XIAO Shiyi,YANG Fanfan

• 1:湖北工业大学
• 2:国网安徽省电力有限公司安庆供电公司

摘要(Abstract)：

大型电力变压器在空载合闸的过程中,至少有两相会产生额定电流几倍甚至近十倍的励磁涌流,波形明显变形且呈尖顶波特征,而故障电流基本为基频正弦波,峰谷较平。基于此,提出了一种利用数学形态学来识别变压器励磁涌流的新方法。该方法深入分析形态开和闭的运算效果,指出一维形态学开、闭运算的遗传性,进而推导出自不变的性质。在此基础上,由采样信号经处理得到正弦帽结构元来对原信号作形态学开、闭运算,定义并构造出反映波形峰谷凹凸特性的峰谷系数,并根据三相差流的峰谷系数之积作为判据来区分变压器励磁涌流和故障电流。理论分析及仿真试验结果表明该方法简单实用且判断速度快。
In no-load switching of large power transformer, there would be excitation inrush current that is several times or even ten times higher than the rated current in at least two phases, which shows obvious distortion and peaked wave while fault current almost shows radical frequency sine wave and flat. Therefore, a new algorithm based on mathematical morphology is presented for excitation inrush current identification,which analyzes the effect of morphological open-closed operation and the heredity of one-dimensional morphological open-closed operation to deduce the self-invariance properties. On this basis, the sine cap structure element obtained by the sampling signal is used for morphological open-closed operation of the original signal to define and construct peak-valley factor which reflects convex-and-concave feature. Finally, transformer excitation inrush currents and fault currents are distinguished by the peak-valley factor product of the threephase differential flow. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the method is simple, practical and efficient in identification.

关键词(KeyWords)： 励磁涌流;数学形态学;结构元素;遗传性;自不变性
excitation inrush current;mathematical morphology;structure elements;heredity;self-invariance

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 肖诗意,杨凡凡
XIAO Shiyi,YANG Fanfan

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.201808004

参考文献(References)：

• [1]范兴明,葛琳.基于选相合闸技术的变压器励磁涌流的仿真分析[J].高压电器,2014,50(2):54-59.
• [2]卢雪峰,王增平,徐岩,等.基于波形间断角原理识别变压器励磁涌流的新方法[J].继电器,2007(S1):1-4.
• [3]刘小宝,吴崇昊,宋艳,等.基于二次谐波的自适应制动涌流方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,18(6):131-134.
• [4]凌光,苏斌.一种基于差流波形特征的励磁涌流识别方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,6(4):19-24.
• [5]严屹宏,陈剑云.基于小波分析的变压器励磁涌流和内部故障电流识别[J].高压电器,2010,46(12):74-77.
• [6]彭鑫霞,关永刚,高凯,等.应用形态学滤波方法去除高压断路器线圈电流信号的噪声[J].高压电器,2015,7(19):1-7.
• [7]刘振国,孙鹏,由广祥.数学形态学在串联型故障电弧诊断中的应用[J].高压电器,2016,9(19):190-195.
• [8]王续东,王铱,曲延滨,等.基于可变长度结构元素数学形态学的谐波检测算法研究[J].电测与仪表,2015,21(19):1-5.
• [9]WANG D M,HE D C.Fast implementation of 1-D grayscale morphological filters[J].IEEE Trans.on Circuits Syst.,1994,41(9):634-636.
• [10]郑涛,陆格野,赵彦杰,等.基于虚拟等效电感的特高压调压变压器励磁涌流判别算法[J].电工技术学报,2016,7(6):118-125.
• [11]刘昭.电子式电流互感器的特性及应用研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2012.
• [12]徐大可,赵建宁,张爱祥,等.电子式互感器在数字化变电站中的应用[J].高电压技术,2007,33(1):78-82.
• [13]黄家栋,罗伟强.采用改进数学形态学识别变压器励磁涌流的新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(7):98-105.
• [14]申洪明,黄少锋,费彬,等.基于数学形态学的换相失败检测新方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,4(11):170-177.
• [15]田录林,王清妮.基于斜率均值比识别变压器励磁涌流[J].电网与清洁能源,2016,32(11):74-79.
• [16]陈聪,李晓华,张冬怡,等.变压器涌流对直流50 Hz保护的影响机理与对策[J].广东电力,2017,30(9):91-96.
• [17]宋杰,徐洁,周德生,等.基于RTDS的上海地区110 k V变压器保护仿真建模研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2016,32(6):108-113.
• [18]王青亚,陈灵峰.基于MATLAB的高压厂用变压器空载合闸仿真[J].浙江水利水电学院学报,2016,28(2):78-81.