俞伟国,林撒迦,田宝江,刘宏君,文明浩,凌昊,高小全
YU Weiguo,LIN Sajia,TIAN Baojiang,LIU Hongjun,WEN Minghao,LING Hao,GAO Xiaoquan

• 1:长园深瑞继保自动化有限公司
• 2:国网河南省电力公司
• 3:华中科技大学

摘要(Abstract)：

新能源电源的故障特征受控，与传统同步机电源差异明显，现有距离保护的动作特性面临严峻挑战。因此，对新能源场景下正序电压极化的比相式距离保护的适应性进行分析。首先，在电压平面剖析金属性故障和经过渡电阻故障时，新能源等效内电势与保护安装处正序电压相位差增大导致比相式距离保护拒动、误动的理论机理。其次，结合新能源典型控制策略特征，明确了不同类型故障中新能源内电势的相量轨迹，并得到比相式距离保护的适应性结论：单相接地故障与三相故障，距离保护基本不受影响；两相接地故障和两相相间故障，新能源侧距离保护存在区内拒动和正方向误动风险；系统侧距离保护存在反方向误动风险。最后，基于PSCAD仿真平台搭建新能源送出场景，通过大量故障仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。
The fault characteristics of renewable energy sources are controlled and differ significantly from those of conventional synchronous generators, posing serious challenges to the operating performance of existing distance protection. This paper analyzes the adaptability of phase-comparison distance protection based on positive-sequence voltage polarization in renewable energy systems. First, the theoretical mechanism leading to failure to operate and misoperation of phase-comparison distance protection is examined on the voltage plane: during metallic faults and faults with transition resistance, the phase difference between the equivalent internal electromotive forces(EMFs) of the renewable energy source and the positive-sequence voltage at the protection location increases. Second, considering the characteristics of typical renewable energy control strategies, the phasor trajectories of internal EMFs under different fault types are determined, yielding the following adaptability conclusions for phase-comparison distance protection: for single-phase-to-ground and three-phase faults, distance protection is essentially unaffected; for two-phase-to-ground and two-phase faults, distance protection on the renewable energy side may experience inzone failure to operate and misoperation in the forward direction, while distance protection on the system side is at risk of misoperation in the reverse direction. Finally, a renewable energy transmission scenario is constructed in PSCAD, and extensive fault simulations validate the theoretical analysis.

关键词(KeyWords)： 新能源;比相式距离保护;内电势估算;正序电压;拒动;误动
renewable energy;phase-comparison distance protection;internal EMF estimation;positive-sequence voltage;failure to operate;misoperation

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（52277103）;; 国网河南省电力公司科技项目（521750250006）

作者(Author): 俞伟国,林撒迦,田宝江,刘宏君,文明浩,凌昊,高小全
YU Weiguo,LIN Sajia,TIAN Baojiang,LIU Hongjun,WEN Minghao,LING Hao,GAO Xiaoquan

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202609002

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