屠立忠,祝智祥,洪岑岑,成彦甫,李涛
TU Lizhong,ZHU Zhixiang,HONG Cencen,CHENG Yanfu,LI Tao

• 1:南京工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

直流断路器作为直流电网实现故障清除的重要设备之一，其性能的优劣将直接影响系统的安全稳定运行。针对目前大部分断路器不具备故障限流能力且成本较高这一问题，提出了一种具有限流功能的电容型高压直流断路器设计方案。利用电容的充放电特性实现限流电抗和避雷器的投切，能够显著降低故障电流峰值；将传统直流断路器中大规模全控器件IGBT（绝缘栅双极晶体管）用电容来替代，在实现断流功能的同时有效降低了成本。基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真软件搭建单端等效模型并进行仿真验证，结果表明：相较于传统高压直流断路器，所提方案降低了故障电流峰值，缩短了故障隔离时间，具有较好的性能。
DC circuit breakers, as one of the vital devices for fault clearance in DC power systems, significantly influence the secure and stable operation of the system. Given the problem that most circuit breakers lack fault current limiting capability and are comparably expensive, this paper proposes a design for a capacitive high voltage DC circuit breaker incorporating a current limiting function. By utilizing the charging and discharging characteristics of capacitors, current limiting reactors and lightning arresters can be switched, significantly reducing the peak value of fault current. The extensively used IGBTs in conventional DC circuit breakers are replaced by capacitors, effectively reducing the cost while retaining the current cutout capability. A single-ended equivalent model is developed using PSCAD/EMTDC software, and simulation is conducted. The simulation results show that, compared with traditional high-voltage DC circuit breakers, the proposed scheme reduces the peak value of fault current and shortens the fault isolation time. It demonstrates pleasing performance.

关键词(KeyWords)： 混合式断路器;故障限流;拓扑结构;预充电
hybrid circuit breaker;fault current limiting;topological structure;pre-charging

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（61873120）

作者(Author): 屠立忠,祝智祥,洪岑岑,成彦甫,李涛
TU Lizhong,ZHU Zhixiang,HONG Cencen,CHENG Yanfu,LI Tao

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202408007

参考文献(References)：

• [1]汤广福，罗湘，魏晓光.多端直流输电与直流电网技术[J].中国电机工程学报，2013,33(10):8-17.TANG Guangfu,LUO Xiang,WEI Xiaoguang. Multiterminal HVDC and DC-grid technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(10):8-17.
• [2]贺之渊，陆晶晶，刘天琪，等.柔性直流电网故障电流抑制关键技术与展望[J].电力系统自动化，2021,45(2):173-183.HE Zhiyuan,LU Jingjing,LIU Tianqi,et al.Key technologies and prospect of fault current suppression in flexible DC power grid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2021,45(2):173-183.
• [3]邹常跃，韦嵘晖，冯俊杰，等.柔性直流输电发展现状及应用前景[J].南方电网技术，2022,16(3):1-7.ZOU Changyue,WEI Ronghui,FENG Junjie,et al.Development status and application prospect of VSC-HVDC[J]. Southern Power System Technology,2022,16(3):1-7.
• [4]张烁，邹贵彬，魏秀燕，等.多端口直流断路器研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报，2021,41(13):4502-4516.ZHANG Shuo,ZOU Guibin,WEI Xiuyan,et al.A review of research on multi-port DC circuit breaker[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2021,41(13):4502-4516.
• [5]杨赛昭，向往，文劲宇.架空柔性直流电网线路故障保护综述[J].中国电机工程学报，2019,39(22):6600-6617.YANG Saizhao,XIANG Wang,WEN Jinyu. Review of DC fault protection methods for the MMC based DC grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2019,39(22):6600-6617.
• [6]王渝红，傅云涛，曾琦，等.柔性直流电网故障保护关键技术研究综述[J].高电压技术，2019,45(8):2362-2374.WANG Yuhong,FU Yuntao,ZENG Qi,et al.Review on key techniques for fault protection of flexible DC grids[J].High Voltage Engineering,2019,45(8):2362-2374.
• [7]王振浩，张力斌，成龙，等.一种具备限流功能的混合式高压直流断路器[J].电网技术，2021,45(5):2042-2049.WANG Zhenhao,ZHANG Libin,CHENG Long,et al.Hybrid high voltage DC circuit breaker with current limiting function[J].Power System Technology,2021,45(5):2042-2049.
• [8]魏晓光，杨兵建，汤广福.高压直流断路器技术发展与工程实践[J].电网技术，2017,41(10):3180-3188.WEI Xiaoguang,YANG Bingjian,TANG Guangfu.Technical development and engineering applications of HVDC circuit breaker[J]. Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3180-3188.
• [9]何俊佳.高压直流断路器关键技术研究[J].高电压技术，2019,45(8):2353-2361.HE Junjia. Research on key technologies of high voltage DC circuit breaker[J].High Voltage Engineering,2019,45(8):2353-2361.
• [10] HASSANPOOR A,H?FNER J,JACOBSON B.Technical assessment of load commutation switch in hybrid HVDC breaker[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(10):5393-5400.
• [11]沙彦超，蔡巍，胡应宏，等.混合式高压直流断路器研究现状综述[J].高压电器，2019,55(9):64-70.SHA Yanchao,CAI Wei,HU Yinghong,et al.Review of research status of hybrid HVDC circuit breakers[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2019,55(9):64-70.
• [12]郭铭群，梅念，李探，等.±500 kV张北柔性直流电网工程系统设计[J].电网技术，2021,45(10):4194-4204.GUO Mingqun,MEI Nian,LI Tan,et al.System design of±500 kV Zhangbei VSC-based DC grid project[J].Power System Technology,2021,45(10):4194-4204.
• [13] LI B,HE J W,LI Y,et al.A novel DCCB reclosing strategy for the flexible HVDC grid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2020,35(1):244-257.
• [14] SHU J,WANG S L,LIU T Q.A soft reclosing model for hybrid DC circuit breaker in VSC-MTDC system[C]//2018 IEEE 4th Southern Power Electronics Conference(SPEC).Singapore.IEEE,2018:1-5.
• [15]张盛梅，安婷，裴翔羽，等.混合式直流断路器重合闸策略[J].电力系统自动化，2019,43(6):129-136.ZHANG Shengmei,AN Ting,PEI Xiangyu,et al.Reclosing strategy for hybrid DC circuit breakers[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2019,43(6):129-136.
• [16]章宝歌，荣耀，张振.一种新型限流型高压直流断路器拓扑[J].高压电器，2023,59(3):34-43.ZHANG Baoge,RONG Yao,ZHANG Zhen.New topology of current limiting high voltage DC circuit breaker[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2023,59(3):34-43.
• [17]周猛，左文平，林卫星，等.电容换流型直流断路器及其在直流电网的应用[J].中国电机工程学报，2017,37(4):1045-1053.ZHOU Meng,ZUO Wenping,LIN Weixing,et al.Capacitor commutated DC circuit breaker and its application in DC grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(4):1045-1053.
• [18]王金健，王志新.一种具有限流能力的新型混合式高压直流断路器拓扑[J].电力自动化设备，2019,39(10):143-149.WANG Jinjian,WANG Zhixin. A novel hybrid highvoltage DC circuit breaker topology with current limiting capability[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2019,39(10):143-149.
• [19]黄亚峰，周银，严干贵，等.基于电容换流的限流型高压直流断路器[J].高电压技术，2022,48(8):3098-3108.HUANG Yafeng,ZHOU Yin,YAN Gangui,et al.Currentlimiting high-voltage DC circuit breaker based on capacitor commutation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2022,48(8):3098-3108.
• [20]薛士敏，陈萧，刘白冰，等.一种新型限流式混合直流断路器拓扑[J].中国电机工程学报，2022,42(7):2508-2520.XUE Shimin,CHEN Xiao,LIU Baibing,et al. A novel current-limiting hybrid DC circuit breaker topology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2022,42(7):2508-2520.
• [21]张承良，武董一，陈堃，等.基于预充电换相电容的直流故障限流器[J].中国电机工程学报，2019,39（增刊1）:54-62.ZHANG Chengliang,WU Dongyi,CHEN Kun,et al.DC fault current limiter based on pre-charged commutation capacitor[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2019,39(S1):54-62.
• [22] XU J Z,WU D Y,LI J L,et al. The voltage clamping based DC circuit breaker with decoupled fault isolation and energy dissipation processes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2021,36(1):64-73.
• [23]邱关源.电路[M].5版.北京：高等教育出版社，2006.
• [24]盛财旺，张娟娟，刘杰，等.特高压直流工程换流阀用晶闸管实际运行工况关断时间研究[J].电网技术，2022,46(8):3076-3083.SHENG Caiwang,ZHANG Juanjuan,LIU Jie,et al.Thyristor turn-off time under actual operational condition in UHVDC project converter valve[J].Power System Technology,2022,46(8):3076-3083.