李振兴,杨梓康,杨桄,翁汉琍,谭洪,王秋杰
LI Zhenxing,YANG Zikang,YANG Guang,WENG Hanli,TAN Hong,WANG Qiujie

• 1:新能源微电网湖北省协同创新中心(三峡大学)
• 2:三峡大学电气与新能源学院

摘要(Abstract)：

为探究大规模新能源并网引发的传统继电保护适应性下降问题，系统梳理了不同类型新能源电源故障特征和相应改进策略的研究现状。通过对比风电、光伏等新能源系统与传统同步发电机的动态特性差异，揭示了电力电子器件接入导致故障电流幅值受限、相位受控及谐波复杂化等核心问题。基于现有研究成果，重点探讨了新能源等值模型构建及其在故障特性研究中的应用价值，阐述了纵联差动、距离保护等传统方案在新能源场景下适应性下降的原因。分析指出，现有改进方案虽通过突变电压选相、两侧故障信息相似度以及暂态能量差异等新原理提升了保护性能，但仍受限于控制策略耦合性强、工况复杂及重合闸配合困难等技术瓶颈；未来需继续探讨新能源控制策略与故障暂态特征的内在联系，建立多维度故障特征量提取体系，并通过控制环节与传统保护相结合实现理论创新突破。最后，对保护技术的发展进行了展望，为新型电力系统安全稳定运行提供技术参考。
This paper examines the declining adaptability of conventional relay protection systems caused by large-scale renewable energy integration. A systematic review is conducted on fault characteristics of different renewable energy sources and corresponding protection improvement strategies. Through comparative analysis of dynamic characteristics between renewable energy systems(wind/photovoltaic) and conventional synchronous generators, the study identifies key challenges introduced by power electronic devices: limited fault current amplitude, controlled phase response, and increased harmonic complexity. Building upon existing research achievements, this paper conducts an in-depth exploration of renewable energy equivalent modeling and its application value in fault characteristic research, while systematically analyzing the causes behind the degraded adaptability of conventional protection schemes such as pilot differential protection and distance protection in renewable energy scenarios. The analysis reveals that although existing improved solutions have enhanced protection performance through innovative principles including transient voltage-based phase selection, bilateral fault information similarity, and transient energy differential, they remain fundamentally constrained by technical limitations: the strong coupling with control strategies, complexity operating conditions, and difficulties in reclosing coordination. Future reasearch needs to further explore: 1) The intrinsic relationship between renewable energy control strategies and transient fault characteristics; 2) The establishment of a multi-dimensional fault feature extraction system; 3) Theoretical breakthroughs through integration of control links with conventional protection. The paper concludes with technical prospects for protection technology development, providing references for secure opeation of modern power systems.

关键词(KeyWords)： 新能源大规模外送;纵联差动保护;距离保护;行波保护;自动重合闸;新型电力系统
bulk renewable energy transmission;pilot differential protection;distance protection;traveling wave protection;automatic reclosing;new-type power system

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(52077120)

作者(Author): 李振兴,杨梓康,杨桄,翁汉琍,谭洪,王秋杰
LI Zhenxing,YANG Zikang,YANG Guang,WENG Hanli,TAN Hong,WANG Qiujie

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202510002

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