刘铠诚,贾晓强,何桂雄,厉建宾,王松岑,陈洪银,吴彬彬
LIU Kaicheng,JIA Xiaoqiang,HE Guixiong,LI Jianbin,WANG Songcen,CHEN Hongyin,WU Binbin

• 1:电网安全全国重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院有限公司)
• 2:国网河北省电力有限公司营销服务中心

摘要(Abstract)：

IES（综合能源系统）具有多能互补的特点，通过合理调度可以提高能源利用率，提升系统经济性。针对IES优化调度问题，考虑供热/供冷系统管网能量特性，建立了冷热系统能量运输模型；通过挖掘冷热负荷的柔性和热网工质的储能特性，构建了冷热电IES的虚拟储能模型；将冷热系统作为调度资源参与到系统优化运行中，以系统日运行成本最低为目标，提出了考虑虚拟储能的冷热电IES优化调度方法，实现冷热电系统能量互补。仿真结果显示，该方法利用虚拟储能系统平衡出力与负荷的不平衡差额，积极响应分时电价，降低对外购电的峰谷差，有效降低了系统的经济成本。
Integrated energy systems(IES), characterized by multi-energy complementarity, can enhance energy utilization and improve economic efficiency through effective scheduling. To achieve optimal scheduling for IES, the energy characteristics of heating and cooling system networks are considered, and an energy transport model for these systems is developed. By leveraging the flexibility of heating and cooling loads and the energy storage properties of the thermal networks' working medium, a virtual energy storage model for the IES, integrating cooling, heating, and power systems, is developed. The heating and cooling systems are integrated as scheduling resources in the system's optimal operation, with the objective of minimizing daily operational costs. An optimal scheduling method for IES, considering virtual energy storage, is proposed to achieve energy complementarity among the systems.Simulation results demonstrate that this method effectively balances the mismatch between output and load using the virtual energy storage system, responds proactively to time-of-use tariffs, reduces the peak-valley difference in purchased electricity, and significantly lowers the system's economic costs.

关键词(KeyWords)： 综合能源系统;优化调度;虚拟储能;负荷柔性;冷热网络
IES;optimal scheduling;virtual energy storage;load flexibility;heating and cooling networks

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（51937005）;; 国家电网公司总部科技项目（5400-202155392A-0-0-00）

作者(Author): 刘铠诚,贾晓强,何桂雄,厉建宾,王松岑,陈洪银,吴彬彬
LIU Kaicheng,JIA Xiaoqiang,HE Guixiong,LI Jianbin,WANG Songcen,CHEN Hongyin,WU Binbin

DOI: 10.19585/j.zjdl.202412004

参考文献(References)：

• [1]中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室.新时代的中国能源发展[N].人民日报，2020-12-22(010).
• [2]曾鸣，杨雍琦，刘敦楠，等.能源互联网“源-网-荷-储”协调优化运营模式及关键技术[J].电网技术，2016,40(1):114-124.ZENG Ming,YANG Yongqi,LIU Dunnan,et al.“generation-grid-load-storage” coordinative optimal operation mode of energy Internet and key technologies[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):114-124.
• [3]范建斌，孟昭军，单沫文，等.综合能源系统关键技术与国际标准化综述[J].电网与清洁能源，2023,39(12):1-9.FAN Jianbin,MENG Zhaojun,SHAN Mowen,et al.A review of key technologies and international standardization of multi energy coupling systems[J].Advances of Power System&Hydroelectric Engineering,2023,39(12):1-9.
• [4]余晓丹，徐宪东，陈硕翼，等.综合能源系统与能源互联网简述[J].电工技术学报，2016,31(1):1-13.YU Xiaodan,XU Xiandong,CHEN Shuoyi,et al.A brief review to integrated energy system and energy Internet[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(1):1-13.
• [5]黎静华，朱梦姝，陆悦江，等.综合能源系统优化调度综述[J].电网技术，2021,45(6):2256-2269.LI Jinghua,ZHU Mengshu,LU Yuejiang,et al.Review on optimal scheduling of integrated energy systems[J].Power System Technology,2021,45(6):2256-2269.
• [6]王俐英，曾鸣，赵嘉欣，等.计及电力需求响应的多能源协同系统优化运行研究[J].电力工程技术，2021,40(1):1-9.WANG Liying,ZENG Ming,ZHAO Jiaxin,et al.Optimal operation of multi-energy collaborative system considering electricity demand response[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2021,40(1):1-9.
• [7]王丹，李宜哲，贾宏杰，等.面向广义能量品质分析的多能耦合流集线器建模[J].电力系统自动化，2023,47(24):52-62.WANG Dan,LI Yizhe,JIA Hongjie,et al. Multi-energy coupled flow hub modeling for generalized energy quality analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2023,47(24):52-62.
• [8]王成山，洪博文，郭力，等.冷热电联供微网优化调度通用建模方法[J].中国电机工程学报，2013,33(31):26-33.WANG Chengshan,HONG Bowen,GUO Li,et al.A general modeling method for optimal dispatch of combined cooling,heating and power microgrid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(31):26-33.
• [9]宗昌盛，吴帅，张家豪，等.电-热综合能源系统优化调度综述[J].沈阳工程学院学报（自然科学版），2023,19(2):57-62.ZONG Changsheng,WU Shuai,ZHANG Jiahao,et al.Overview of optimal scheduling of integrated electricalthermal energy systems[J].Journal of Shenyang Institute of Engineering(Natural Science),2023,19(2):57-62.
• [10]黄国栋，许丹，丁强，等.考虑热电和大规模风电的电网调度研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制，2018,46(15):162-170.HUANG Guodong,XU Dan,DING Qiang,et al.Review of grid dispatching considering thermal power and largescale wind power integration[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(15):162-170.
• [11]朱伟业，罗毅，胡博，等.热负荷弹性与分时电价需求侧响应协同促进碳减排的电热优化调度[J].电网技术，2021,45(10):3803-3812.ZHU Weiye,LUO Yi,HU Bo,et al.Optimized combined heat and power dispatch considering decreasing carbon emission by coordination of heat load elasticity and timeof-use demand response[J]. Power System Technology,2021,45(10):3803-3812.
• [12]仪忠凯，李志民.计及热网储热和供热区域热惯性的热电联合调度策略[J].电网技术，2018,42(5):1378-1384.YI Zhongkai,LI Zhimin. Combined heat and power dispatching strategy considering heat storage characteristics of heating network and thermal inertia in heating area[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(5):1378-1384.
• [13]毕仔林.考虑热惯性的电-热系统多时间尺度调度策略研究[D].沈阳：沈阳工业大学，2022.BI Zilin.Research on multi-time scale scheduling strategy of electro-thermal system considering thermal inertia[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2022.
• [14]谢华宝，戴赛，许丹，等.热网特性对弃风消纳效果的影响研究[J].电力自动化设备，2020,40(5):24-30.XIE Huabao,DAI Sai,XU Dan,et al. Influence of heat network characteristics on abandoned wind absorption effect[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2020,40(5):24-30.
• [15]杨冬锋，徐扬，姜超.考虑多类型需求响应的电-热联合系统多时间尺度协调调度[J].太阳能学报，2021,42(10):282-289.YANG Dongfeng,XU Yang,JIANG Chao.Multiple timescale coordinated scheduling of combined electro-thermal system considering multi-type demand response[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2021,42(10):282-289.
• [16]赵晶晶，应伦杰，屈靖雅.多区域含冷热电联供和储能的综合能源系统运行优化[J].电测与仪表，2022,59(10):16-22.ZHAO Jingjing,YING Lunjie,QU Jingya.Operation optimization of multi-region integrated energy system including cool-heat-electricity cogeneration and energy storage equipment[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2022,59(10):16-22.
• [17]杨瑞琳，李可然，刘俊勇，等.考虑储能参与备用配置的园区综合能源系统日前经济调度模型[J].电力建设，2022,43(12):103-111.YANG Ruilin,LI Keran,LIU Junyong,et al. Day-ahead economic dispatch model of park integrated energy system considering reserve allocation of energy storage[J].Electric Power Construction,2022,43(12):103-111.
• [18]蔡颖凯，张冶，曹世龙，等.面向综合需求响应的综合能源系统优化调度[J].电网与清洁能源，2022,38(9):65-72.CAI Yingkai,ZHANG Ye,CAO Shilong,et al. Optimal scheduling of the integrated electricity and natural gas system considering the integrated demand response[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2022,38(9):65-72.
• [19]郭佳兴，王金梅，张海同.基于虚拟电厂的多能源协同系统调度优化策略[J].电力建设，2022,43(12):141-151.GUO Jiaxing,WANG Jinmei,ZHANG Haitong.Scheduling optimization strategy based on virtual power plant for multi-energy collaborative system[J].Electric Power Construction,2022,43(12):141-151.
• [20]潘华，高旭，姚正，等.计及储能效益的综合能源系统利益分配机制研究[J].智慧电力，2022,50(5):25-32.PAN Hua,GAO Xu,YAO Zheng,et al.Research on benefit distribution mechanism of integrated energy system considering energy storage benefit[J].Smart Power,2022,50(5):25-32.
• [21]靳小龙，穆云飞，贾宏杰，等.融合需求侧虚拟储能系统的冷热电联供楼宇微网优化调度方法[J].中国电机工程学报，2017,37(2):581-590.JIN Xiaolong,MU Yunfei,JIA Hongjie,et al. Optimal scheduling method for a combined cooling,heating and power building microgrid considering virtual storage system at demand side[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):581-590.
• [22] GOODARZI M,LI Q F. Evaluate the capacity of electricity-driven water facilities in small communities as virtual energy storage[J]. Applied Energy,2022,309:118349.
• [23]李宏仲，吕梦琳，胡列翔，等.考虑广义储能的微电网联合规划[J].电力自动化设备，2020,40(7):149-156.LI Hongzhong,LYU Menglin,HU Liexiang,et al. Joint planning of microgrid considering generalized energy storage[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2020,40(7):149-156.
• [24]张志一，窦震海，于润泽，等.考虑电-热等效虚拟储能的综合能源系统低碳经济调度[J].电力建设，2024,45(3):16-26.ZHANG Zhiyi,DOU Zhenhai,YU Runze,et al. Lowcarbon economic dispatch of integrated energy system ConsideringElectric-thermal equivalent virtual energy storage[J].Electric Power Construction,2024,45(3):16-26.
• [25] LI Z G,WU W C,SHAHIDEHPOUR M,et al. Combined heat and power dispatch considering pipeline energy storage of district heating network[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2016,7(1):12-22.
• [26]王明军，穆云飞，孟宪君，等.考虑热能输运动态特性的电-热综合能源系统优化调度方法[J].电网技术，2020,44(1):132-140.WANG Mingjun,MU Yunfei,MENG Xianjun,et al.Optimal scheduling method for integrated electro-thermal energy system considering heat transmission dynamic characteristics[J]. Power System Technology,2020,44(1):132-140.
• [27]赵俊锁，贾健龙.供热系统运行质调节和量调节的分析比较[J].区域供热，2013(1):81-84.ZHAO Junsuo,JIA Jianlong.Analysis and comparison of quality regulation and quantity regulation in heating system operation[J].District Heating,2013(1):81-84.
• [28]顾伟，陆帅，王珺，等.多区域综合能源系统热网建模及系统运行优化[J].中国电机工程学报，2017,37(5):1305-1315.GU Wei,LU Shuai,WANG Jun,et al. Modeling of the heating network for multi-district integrated energy system and its operation optimization[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1305-1315.
• [29] RUIZ N,COBELO I,OYARZABAL J.A direct load control model for virtual power plant management[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2009,24(2):959-966.
• [30]薛晨，任景，张小东，等.含虚拟储能的新能源高渗透电网深度调峰备用决策模型[J].中国电力，2019,52(11):35-43.XUE Chen,REN Jing,ZHANG Xiaodong,et al. A reserve decision model for high-proportional renew energy integrated power grid based on deep peak-shaving and virtual storage[J].Electric Power,2019,52(11):35-43.
• [31]王婉璐，杨莉，王蕾，等.考虑供热网储热特性的电-热综合能源系统优化调度[J].电力系统自动化，2018,42(21):45-52.WANG Wanlu,YANG Li,WANG Lei,et al.Optimal dispatch of integrated electricity-heat energy system considering heat storage characteristics of heating network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(21):45-52.
• [32]邹云阳，杨莉，李佳勇，等.冷热电气多能互补的微能源网鲁棒优化调度[J].电力系统自动化，2019,43(14):65-72.ZOU Yunyang,YANG Li,LI Jiayong,et al.Robust optimal dispatch of micro-energy grid with multi-energy complementation of cooling heating power and natural gas[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2019,43(14):65-72.